Sachi Bataa

 Router A router connects multiple networks and directs data to the correct destination. Switch A switch connects devices within a LAN and manages data flow efficiently. Modem A modem connects a local network to the internet service provider. Access Point An access point allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network. Server A server provides services, data, or resources to other devices on the network. Network Topologies Bus Topology All devices share a single communication line. Star Topology Devices connect to a central hub or switch. Ring Topology Each device connects to two others, forming a circular path. Mesh Topology Devices are interconnected, providing high reliability. Network Protocols Protocols are rules that control communication in a network. TCP/IP: Foundation of the internet HTTP/HTTPS: Used for web communication FTP: File transfer protocol SMTP: Email sending protocol Advantages of Computer Networks Easy communication and data sharing Resource sharing (prin...

 Introduction A computer network is a system in which two or more computers or digital devices are connected to share data, resources, and information. Networks play a vital role in modern life, enabling communication, internet access, file sharing, online services, and digital collaboration. From small home networks to large global systems, networking technology connects the world. What Is a Computer Network? A computer network allows devices such as computers, smartphones, servers, printers, and other hardware to communicate with each other using wired or wireless connections. These devices exchange data using standard communication rules called protocols. History of Computer Networks Computer networks began in the 1960s with research projects aimed at sharing computing power. One of the earliest networks was ARPANET, which later evolved into the modern internet. Over time, networking technology advanced from simple local connections to high-speed global networks using fiber opti...